Investigation of the prevalence of deciduous teeth caries and its correlation with nutritional status among kindergarten children in Zhag yab of Tibet in 2022 / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To investigate the health of deciduous teeth and the effect of deciduous teeth caries on the nutritional status of Tibetan children in kindergartens in Zhag-yab of Tibet, so as to provide a reference for the prevention and treatment of dental caries in local children.@*Methods@#A cross sectional survey was conducted among all Tibetan children aged 3 to 7 years in kindergartens from 13 districts in Zhag yab of Tibet, a total of 1 263 eligible children were included. Oral examination, height, weight measurement and hemoglobin test were performed. The health status of children was evaluated according to WHO diagnostic criteria of dental caries rate, average of decayed missing filled tooth(DMFT), malnutrition and anemia, and the correlation between deciduous teeth caries and nutritional status of children were analyzed.@*Results@#The overall deciduous teeth caries prevalence rate of Tibetan children in Zhag yab kindergarten was 62.6%, and the mean dmft was (4.0±4.6). Aged 3, 4, 5, 6, 7-year-old children s deciduous teeth caries rate were 31.1%, 55.3%, 63.8%, 70.9%, 76.6%, respectively, mean dmft were (1.1±2.0) (2.9±3.4) ( 3.5± 3.3) (5.4±5.4) (5.9±6.6) respectively. The prevalence of deciduous teeth caries and mean dmft increased with age, and the differences among age groups were statistically significant ( χ 2/F=72.17, 33.47, P <0.05). The overall detection rate of malnutrition( 25.4% ), stunting(12.3%), underweight(12.6%), wasting(10.9%) and anemia(29.6%) in caries children were higher than those in children without caries(19.5%, 8.1%, 6.1%, 6.6%, 15.5%), the differences were statistically significant ( χ 2=5.81, 5.49, 13.61 , 6.52, 32.02, P <0.05). Caries children s overweight rate (3.7%) was higher than that of children without caries (3.4%), obesity rate ( 1.3% ) was lower than that of children without caries(1.9%), there was no statistically significant difference ( χ 2=0.07, 0.82, P >0.05).@*Conclusion@#The problem of deciduous teeth caries in kindergartens in Zhag yab is serious, and it is closely related to the occurrence of malnutrition and anemia. The prevention and intervention of dental caries in local children should be strengthened.

Efficacy of OK-432 sclerotherapy for different types of lymphangiomas: a review and meta-analysis

Abstract Objective This study aims to perform a meta-analysis to figure out the efficacy of OK-432 sclerotherapy between Macrocystic (MAC) lymphangiomas and Microcystic (MIC) lymphangiomas. Methods We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to clarify the relationship between OK-432 and lymphangiomas. PubMed and ISI Web of Science were searched from inception to May 2022. Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) manual was used to evaluate the risk of bias. We calculated pooled Relative Risks (RR) and 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI) using random effects model to evaluate the relations between OK-432 and lymphangiomas. Results A total of 11 studies (including 352 cases) about OK-432 sclerotherapy for lymphangioma were included in the current meta-analyses. The results suggested that the efficacy of OK-432 was significantly in MAC lesions than in MIC (RR = 1.51, 95% CI 1.298-1.764), with significant moderate degrees of heterogeneity among 11 studies (I2 = 51.2%, p = 0.025). Subgroup analyses suggested that there was significant association in both retrospective studies (RR = 1.26, 95% CI 1.03-1.53) and classification (by 1 cm) (RR = 1.37, 95% CI 1.04-1.80) were associated with the efficacy of OK-432. Conclusion To our knowledge, our study represents the first meta-analysis examining the efficacy of OK-432 in the treatment of different types of LMs. However, the regional differences and the age differences of the subjects are the main limitations of this study and should be avoided in further research. Our results suggested that OK-432 sclerotherapy for macrocystic lymphangiomas was more effective.

The efficacy of bleomycin sclerotherapy in the treatment of lymphatic malformations: a review and meta-analysis

Abstract Objective At present, bleomycin has been widely used in the treatment of Lymphatic Malformations (LMs). This study aims to perform a meta-analysis to investigate the effectiveness and influencing factors of bleomycin in the treatment of LMs. Methods We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to clarify the relationship between bleomycin and LMs. PubMed, ISI Web of Science and MEDLINE were searched. Results A total of 21 studies (including 428 cases) about bleomycin sclerotherapy for LMs were included in the current meta-analyses. We calculated pooled effective rate and 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI) using random effects model to evaluate the relations between bleomycin and LMs. The results suggested that the effective rate of bleomycin was the combined effective rate was 84.0% (95% CI 0.81‒0.87) and ranged from 39% (95% CI 0.22‒0.56) to 94% (95% CI 0.87-1.02). The heterogeneity among the studies was substantial (I2 = 61.7%, p = 0.000). In subgroup analyses, it was observed that among retrospective study and prospective study, the estimated effective rate was 80.0% (95% CI 0.76‒0.84) and 91.0% (95% CI 0.85‒0.97), respectively. In terms of the dosage, the combined effective rates of weight-based group and fixed-dose group were 86% (95% CI 0.83‒0.90) and 74.0% (95% CI 0.66‒0.82), respectively. There was no significant publication bias in Egger's test (p = 0.059, 95% CI −3.81 to 0.082), but Begg's test did (p = 0.023), and the funnel plot is asymmetric. Conclusion Our study suggested that bleomycin was safe and effective in the treatment of LMs and was primarily dose dependent.

Undifferentiated sarcoma of the soft tissues with cystic degeneration: Case report and review of literature

Undifferentiated sarcoma (UNDS) of the soft tissue is an exceedingly rare disease. Its diagnosis depends mainly on molecular and immunohistochemical analyses to exclude other soft-tissue sarcomas. It is difficult to confirm a positive diagnosis by imaging pathological features because of their rarity and similarity with other conditions. Since 2013, only 13 cases of undifferentiated soft-tissue sarcoma, mostly diagnosed through imaging of solid tumors in infant and children, have been reported. The authors present a rare case of a 3-month-old Chinese boy with UNDS primarily in the left lower extremity and characterized by a cystic and solid growth pattern

Electronic medical records-based selection of gastric cancer treatment plans / 中华医学图书情报杂志

Objective To study the effective text mining methods by mining the information in electronic medical records( EMR) in order to achieve their value in support of decision-making. Methods Two thousand and five hundred EMR of gastric cancer patients were randomly divided into training group ( n＝1500) and testing group( n＝1000) . The words in the text of EMR of training group were identified using dictionary in combination with statistical methods. The segmented words were clustered according to the co-occurrence frequency of each segmented word and the treatment plan extracted from EMR. The matched number of words in each cluster from the text of EMR of training group was recorded. A decision-making support model of Bayes discrimination function was established according to the matched number of words in each cluster from the text of EMR of training group and treatment plan to verify the EMR in training group and to evaluate the words segmenting methods and the discrimination model. Results Fifty randomly selected RME showed that the recall rate, accurate rate and F-1 value of segmented words were 74. 24%, 82.30% and 78.06% respectively. The accurate rate of the established discrimination model was 62% for the identification of EMR of testing group when the segmented words were clustered into 5 categories. Conclusion The efficiency of dictionary in combination with statistical methods is good for identifying words from the text of EMR. Cluster-based text mining of EMR can achieve the decision-making support value of EMR, but the accuracy of the established decision-making support model is not as high as expected. Further study is thus necessary to identify the words from the text of EMR and the process of segmented words in establishing the decision-making support model.

Combination of carboxyamidotriazole and 1-Methyl-L-tryptophan has synergistic inhibtory effects on programmed death 1 expression / 中国药理学与毒理学杂志

OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether the IDO1 inhibitor 1- methyl- L- tryptophan (1- MT) combine calcium influx inhibitor carboxyamidotriazole (CAI) could further enhance the suppression of programmed death 1 (PD-1) in CD8 + T cells and investigate the curative effect of the combined use. METHODS CD8 +T cells were isolated from normal mice spleen by negative selection using magnetic cell separation. The isolated CD8 +T cells were cultured in RPMI 1640 medium containing 10% FBS and 100 U·mL- 1 IL-2 and activated by the addition of anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 (1 g·L- 1 each mabs). CD8 + T cells were pretreated for 48 h with drug and the fluo- 3 as a marker of intracellular calcium concentration was detected by flow cytometry. The calcineurin (CaN) levels were assayed with ELISA in CD8+T cells after 48 h incubation with 10 μm CAI. The nuclear translocations of NFAT and AHR were detected by immunofluorescent staining after 48 h of drug treatment. The expression of PD-1 in CD8+T cells was analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS Intracellular fluorescent intensity was markedly debase due to CAI treatment(P<0.01). Meanwhile, the changes of CaN content had a resembled correlation (P<0.01). Immunofluorescence experiment showed that after combination therapy the transfer of NFAT and AHR in nuclear substantially reduced. Flow cytometry revealed that after the combination caused a significant decrease in PD-1 expression in CD8+T cells. CONCLUSION CAI and 1-MT could inhibit markedly the expression of PD-1 in CD8 +T cells by inhibiting the nuclear translocation of NFAT and AHR, respectively and the combination of them has synergetic effect.

Beneficial effect of berberine on atherosclerosis based on attenuating vascular inflammation and calcification / 中国药理学与毒理学杂志

OBJECTIVE To investigate the beneficial effect of berberine(BBR) on atherosclerosisin Apo-/-E mice and explore the underlying mechanisms based on attenuating vascular inflammation and modulating calcification in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and smooth muscle cells (SMCs). METHODS 48 Apo-/-E mice,at 6-8 weeks old,were randomly allocated into 4 groups: normal, model, bbr and atorvastatin (positive control) groups with 12 mice in each group. They were fed with high-fat diet for 4 weeks except those inNormal group and then treated with indicated drugs orsolvent for another 4 weeks. The morphology and inflammation infiltration of aortic were examined with HE staining. The expression of BMP-2 in aortic was examined by immumohistochemical staining. Blood lipid levels were examined by automatic biochemical analyzer. The expression of IL-6, TNF-α and BMP-2 in serum and tissues was detected by ELISA method. The expression of ALP and the content of calcium were detected by commercially-available kits. HUVEC cells were stimulated with TNF-α and incubated with various concentrations of BBR for 24 h. The contents of intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1), matrix metalloprotein-9(MMP-9) in the culture supernatant were detected by ELISA method. Calcification was induced with β-glycerophosphatein SMC cells and the effect of BBR on the content of calcium was examined. RESULTS 4-week berberine treatment markedly lowered serum TC and LDL-c levels and improved the plaque stability in Apo-/-E mice fed with a high-fat diet(P<0.05 or P<0.01) which was comparable with the effect of atorvastatin. Berberineal so significantly decreased the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in mice serum and aortic tissues (P<0.05 or P<0.001). Berberine tended to decrease ALP, BMP-2 levels and the content of calcium in mice serum and aortic tissues(P<0.05, P<0.01or P<0.001) which were not observed in atorvastatin group. Berberine significantly lowered the levels of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and MMP-9 in TNF-α-stimulated HUVECs. It can also lowered the content of calcium in SMCs. CONCLUSION BBR can profitably regulate the levels of blood lipid in mice fed with a high-fat diet, decrease the injury caused by inflammation,and attenuate vascular calcification. It may improve atherosclerosis and play a role in cardiovascular protection.

Beneficial effect of berberine on atherosclerosis based on attenuating vascular inflammation and calcification / 中国药理学与毒理学杂志

OBJECTIVE To investigate the beneficial effect of berberine (BBR) on atherosclerosis in Apo-/-E mice and explore the underlying mechanisms based on attenuating vascular inflammation and modulating calcification in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and smooth muscle cells(SMCs). METHODS 48 Apo-/-E mice,at 6-8 weeks old,were randomly allocated into 4 groups:normal, model, bbr and atorvastatin (positive control) groups with 12 mice in each group. They were fed with high-fat diet for 4 weeks except those in Normal group and then treated with indicated drugs or solvent for another 4 weeks. The morphology and inflammation infiltration of aortic were examined with HE staining. The expression of BMP- 2 in aortic was examined by immumohistochemical staining. Blood lipid levels were examined by automatic biochemical analyzer. The expression of IL-6, TNF-αand BMP-2 in serum and tissues was detected by ELISA method. The expression of ALP and the content of calcium were detected by commercially-available kits. HUVEC cells were stimulated with TNF-α and incubated with various concentrations of BBR for 24 h. The contents of intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1), matrix metalloprotein-9 (MMP-9) in the culture supernatant were detected by ELISA method. Calcification was induced with β-glycerophos?phate in SMC cells and the effect of BBR on the content of calcium was examined. RESULTS 4-week berberine treatment markedly lowered serum TC and LDL-c levels and improved the plaquestabilityin Apo-/- E mice fed with a high- fat diet (P<0.05 or P<0.01) which was comparable with the effect of atorvastatin. Berberine also significantly decreased the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in mice serum and aortic tissues (P<0.05 or P<0.001). Berberine tended to decrease ALP, BMP-2 levels and the content of calcium in mice serum and aortic tissues (P<0.05, P<0.01 or P<0.001) which were not observed in atorvastatin group. Berberine significantly lowered the levels of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and MMP-9 in TNF-α-stimulated HUVECs. It can also lowered the content of calcium in SMCs. CONCLUSION BBR can profitably regulate the levels of blood lipid in mice fed with a high-fat diet, decrease the injury caused by inflammation, and attenuate vascular calcification. It may improve atherosclerosis and play a role in cardiovascular protection.

A comparative study between the immediate and early implant on the aesthetic influences of the peri-implant soft tissues in the aesthetic area / 口腔疾病防治

Objective@# The aim was to compare and document the aesthetic influences on peri-implant soft tissues between the immediate and early implant placement in the aesthetic area. @*Methods @#22 patients with single anterior teeth missing were included and divided into 2 group. Group A (12cases): Following the extraction of teeth, 12 Zimmer implants were immediately placed into sockets. Group B (10 cases): 4~8 weeks after the extraction, 10 Zimmer implants were early placed into the healing sockets. Zirconia crowns were applied on the implants 6 months later after implantation. The peri-implant soft tissues in both group were examined and evaluated by pink esthetic score (PES) 6~12 months later. Analysis of the data was performed by software SPSS 13.0. @*Results @#The mean PES was 9.27 (clinical acceptance) for all of the implants. No significant were found for any of the parameters between the treatment modalities regardness of total PES or single PES. However there were significant differences in the following aspects: the correlation between periodontal disease and papilla, the correlation between gingival biotype and mesial papilla, the correlation between gingival biotype and alveolar process deficiency, the correlation between Implant location and midfacial soft tissue level. @*Conclusion@#There are no significant differences between immediate placement and early placement on the aesthetic outcome of peri-implant soft tissues. The aesthetic outcome are related to patients oral health condition and clinicians skills.

Accuracy evaluation of digital surgical template in angled implantation in the maxillary posterior region / 口腔疾病防治

Objective@#To evaluate the accuracy of digital surgical guide in tilted implant in the maxillary posterior region.@*Methods @# Jaw data from 14 patients were scanned using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), and digital models were acquired by scanning maxillary plaster models. Implant software was employed to process jaw data and digital models in order to design the surgical template. Then the stereolithographic (SLA) surgical template was created to guide the surgery. After that CBCT data was collected again and compared with the data collected before. Deviations between the actual implant position and the planned implant position were analyzed. @*Results@#Central deviation at the hex and apex between the actual implant and the planned implant was almost constant with a mean of (0.625 ± 0.183) mm and (0.820 ± 0.208) mm. Mean value of horizontal deviation at the hex was (0.314 ± 0.070) mm, horizontal deviation at the apex was (0.509 ± 0.139) mm, vertical deviation at the hex was (0.538 ± 0.178) mm, vertical deviation at the apex was (0.638 ± 0.178) mm. @*Conclusion@#Angled implantation in the maxillary posterior region can reduce risks and trauma as well as the difficulties and duration of surgery. However, our data suggested that significant deviations existed in the actual implant position and the planned implant position.

Steroidal saponins from the roots of Asparagus cochinchinensis / 中国天然药物

AIM@#To study the chemical constituents of the roots of Asparagus cochinchinensis (Asparagaceae).@*METHODS@#The compounds were isolated with Diaion HP20, silica gel, and ODS chromatography, and their structures were determined on the basis of chemical methods, HR-ESI-MS, and 1D- and 2D-NMR techniques.@*RESULTS@#Seven compounds were isolated from the n-butanol fraction of the roots of A. cochinchinensis, and their structures were elucidated as (25S)-26-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-5β-furostan-3β, 22α, 26-triol-12-one-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), (25S)-26-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-22α-methoxy-5β-furostan-3β, 26-diol-12-one-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), (25S)-26-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-5β-furostan-3β, 22α, 26-triol (3), (25S)-26-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-5β-furstan-3β, 22α, 26-triol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (4), (25S)-26-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-5β-furostan-3β, 22α, 26-triol-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1, 4)-β-D-glucopyranoside (5), (25S)-5β-spirostan-3β-ol-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (6), and (25S)-5β-spirostan-3β-ol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (7).@*CONCLUSION@#Compounds 1 and 2 were two new furostanol saponins.

The protective role of interleukin-6 monoclonal antibody on experimental autoimmune myocarditis and its mechanism / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the therapeutic effect of IL-6 mAb on experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) in rats, and search the mechanism of the role of IL-6, helper T cells 17 (Th17) and regulative T cells (Treg) in EAM pathogenesis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty-four Lewis rats were divided into three groups randomly, i.e. control group (n = 6), EAM group (n = 12), and IL-6 mAb intervention group (n = 16). Rats in EAM group and IL-6 mAb intervention group were injected intracutaneously with myosin to establish EAM model. Rats in IL-6 mAb intervention group were injected intraperitoneally with 1 mg IL-6 mAb on 1st, 7th to 20th day after cardiac myosin immune injection. Myocardial inflammation was examined by HE stain, Masson stain, and TdT assay (TUNEL reaction) on 21st and 84th day after IL-6 mAb therapy in order to assess the therapeutic role. Spleen cells were analyzed by flow cytometry to illustrate Th17 and Treg cells? number and function. The serum concentration of IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, and TGF-beta in each group was measured by ELISA, concentration of STAT3, RORgammat, and Foxp3 mRNA in each group was determined with RT-PCR. Spleen cells derived from EAM were stimulated by IL-6 mAb in vitro, and the concentration of IL-10, IL-17 and TGF-beta was measured by ELISA.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Inflammation score, fibrosis score, and apoptosis index in IL-6 mAb intervention group were significantly decreased as compared with those in EAM group (P < 0.01). The number of Th17 and Treg cells in EAM group on the 21st day (experimental acute peak stage) were increased, and those in intervention group on the 21st day were significantly inhibited (P < 0.01). The concentration of serum IL-6, IL-10, IL-17 and TGF-beta in intervention group on the 21st day was decreased dramatically in comparison with that in EAM group on the same day (P < 0.01). The levels of peripheral blood STAT3, RORgammat, Foxp3 mRNA in intervention group on the 21st day was decreased significantly as compared with that in EAM group (P < 0.01). The expression of IL-10, IL-17 and TGF-beta was increased significantly (P < 0.01) by stimulation of IL-6 mAb on spleen cells derived from EAM in vitro.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>IL-6 mAb could neutralize IL-6, and ameliorate myocarditis and reduce heart autoimmune responses. IL-6 mAb has significantly protective effects on EAM by suppressing Th17 and Treg cells.</p>

Effect of nursery nitrogen application of bare-root Larix olgensis seedlings on growth, nitrogen uptake and initial field performance.

Nursery nitrogen application has been used to improve seedling quality. The technique has received little attention with bare-root seedlings and their subsequent field performance on weed competition sites. Our research objective was to examine responses of one- and two- year-old bare-root Olga Bay larch (Larix olgensis Henry) seedlings to nursery nitrogen supplements and subsequent one-year field performance on a competitive site. The fertilizer levels (kg N ha-1) were 0 (control), 60 (conventional fertilization, 60 C), 120 (additional nitrogen applied two times, 120 L), 180 (additional nitrogen applied three times, 180 L) and N were applied in increments of 30 kg ha-1 at 15-day interval to maintain a base nutrient level. Although pre-planting morphological attributes and nitrogen status of one-year-old (1a) seedlings were more sensitive to 60 C than for two-year-old (2a) seedlings, the conventional application failed to enhance their field survival(15.6% vs 17.8%), relative height growth (89.0% vs 79.6%), and relative diameter growth (17.0% vs 22.9%). The 1a seedlings‘ field survival (15.6% for 0, 17.8% for 60 C) and 2a seedlings‘ relative height growth rate (11.0% for 0, 8.9% for 60 C) were not increased significantly until they were provided the 120 L (survival of 23.3% for 1a, relative height growth rate of 15.0% for 2a). According to pre-planting attributes and field performance, optimum nursery nitrogen application was 120 L for the 2a seedlings and 180 L for 1a seedlings. Except for component nitrogen concentration, pre-planting morphological attributes and component N content for the 2a seedlings were as much 3.3 to 37.7 times that of 1a seedlings. In conclusion, the contrasting survival of poor (15.6%-28.9%) for 1a seedlings and high (84.4%-91.1%) for 2a seedlings indicated that additional nitrogen fertilizer would not equal the benefits of an another year‘s growth in the nursery. Successful reforestation could not be fulfilled by 1a seedlings regardless of their pre-nutrients. An alternative technique for sites with competing vegetation was to apply 120kg N ha-1 in the nursery during July and August on 2a seedlings.

Study of L-NAME treatment on experimental autoimmune myocarditis / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the therapeutic effect of N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), an inhibitor of NOS, on experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) in Balb/C mice and discuss the therapeutic mechanism induced by apoptosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty male Balb/C mice were divided into normal control group, model control group and experimental group randomly (n = 10). Model control group and experimental group were created into EAM by injection of porcine cardiac myosin subcutaneously in double groin and axilla and pertussis toxin intraperitoneally on day 0 and 7 respectively. Model control group was intraperitoneally administered 5 mg/(kg x day) of physiological saline after infective myosin and pertussis toxin. Experimental group was intraperitoneally given 5 mg/(kg x day) of L-NAME on day 1-21. The hearts and blood were processed after sacrificed on day 21. Cardiac inflammation score was measured by HE staining. Heart weight / body weight (HW/BW), serum nitric oxide (NO) level, activity of induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and mRNA expression of iNOS in heart were measured in each group. Degree of heart apoptosis were evaluated by cardiac apoptotic index through TUNEL, immunohistochemical examination and real time PCR of Caspase-3, Caspase-8 and Caspase-9.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with normal control group, cardiac inflammation score, HW/BW level of NO and activity of iNOS, mRNA expression of iNOS, the levels of mRNA and protein of Caspase-3, Caspase-8 and Caspase-9 and cardiac apoptotic index were significantly higher (P < 0.01) in model control group, and those of model control group were higher than those of experimental group (P < 0.01). HW/BW was only a little elevation in model control group compared with that in the experiment group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The development of EAM is related with the NO catalyzed by iNOS. L-NAME protects cardiac myocyte via suppressing the activity of iNOS and further decreased production of NO in EAM. The mechanism might be that L-NAME alleviated myocardial inflammation through inhibited the apoptosis of cardiac myocyte.</p>

Efficacy of postoperative antiviral combined transcatheter arterial chemoembolization therapy in prevention of hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Recurrence of hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after curative resection is the leading factor influencing the prognosis of the disease. Therefore, further improvement of long-term survival may depend on the prevention and treatment of the recurrent tumor. The aim of this research was to investigate the role of antiviral therapy and postoperative transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in the prevention and treatment of hepatitis B-related HCC recurrence.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and twenty patients who underwent curative resection of hepatitis B-related HCC between January 2005 and June 2008 at our hospital were enrolled. Patients were divided into four groups according to the post-operative adjuvant therapy they received, i.e., control, antiviral therapy group, TACE group, and combined group. The disease-free survival (DFS) and the 12-, 24-, 36-month cumulative recurrence rates were studied.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There was no significant difference between isolated postoperative antiviral therapy group and control in terms of disease-free survival (P = 0.283), while it was significantly higher in the TACE group compared to control (P = 0.019). In all patients, however, viral prophylactic therapy combined with/without TACE brought a favorable result compared to those only with/without TACE (P < 0.001). Similarly, no matter combined with or without antiviral treatment, postoperative TACE prolonged DFS (P = 0.015). Naturally, a combination of viral prophylactic therapy on the baseline TACE significantly benefited patients' postoperative DFS (P = 0.047) and vice verse (P = 0.002). The 24-month cumulative recurrence rates of combined group were significantly lower than that of isolated control group and antiviral therapy (P < 0.001 and P = 0.011 respectively). However, 36-month recurrence rate was significantly different in the control group compared to the TACE group and combined group (P = 0.040 and 0.002 respectively); same as the antiviral group compared to the combined group (P = 0.034).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Post-operative TACE prevents early recurrence while antiviral therapy prevents late recurrence of HCC. Combination of antiviral therapy and TACE are suggested for prevention in HCC patients with high risk of recurrence.</p>

Risk factors analysis of postsurgical gastroparesis syndrome and its impact on the survival of gastric cancer after subtotal gastrectomy / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the risk factors of postsurgical gastroparesis syndrome (PGS) after subtotal gastrectomy in gastric cancer and the impact of PGS on prognosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical data of 422 patients who underwent subtotal gastrectomy for gastric cancer in the Central Hospital of Huzhou Sity from January 2004 to May 2010 were analyzed retrospectively. Risk factors of PGS were indentified and the recurrence-free survival was compared between the patients with and without PGS.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>PGS occurred in 42 patients (9.5%). Univariate analysis showed that: age over 65, combination of anxiety disorder, low-albuminemia in perioperative period, pyloric obstruction in preoperative period, high serume glucose level (≥ 11.2 mmol/L) in postoperative period, Billroth II (gastroenterostomy, operation time over 4 hours, using patient-controlled analgesia, or intravenous fluid over 3500 ml/d (all P<0.05) were prone to develop PGS. These might be potential clinical risk factors associated to PGS. Correlation analysis showed the number of clinical risk factors was positively correlated with the incidence of PGS (r=0.967, P<0.05). A total of 215 cases (50.9%) were followed up for 3-60 months. The mean recurrence-free survival time of patients with PGS was 26.1 months, which was shorter than that of those without PGS (33.4 months, P=0.029).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Gastric cancer patients with the clinical risk factors mentioned above are prone to develop PGS after subtotal gastrectomy. PGS is associated with poor prognosis.</p>

Analysis of changes in percentage of phenotype CD4 + CD45RA + and CD4+ CD45RO + in peripheral blood and effect of immunomodulation in aged male patients with chronic cardiac insufficiency / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Autoimmunity participates in chronic heart failure (CCI), it is CD4+ T lymphocytes that mainly induces myocardial infiltration and the progression of the disease. The purpose of this research is to assess changes of CD4+, CD8+ T lymphocyte subset, and phenotype of primary T cell (CD4+ CD45RA+) and memory T cells (CD4+ CD45RO+) in peripheral blood in aged male patients with CCI. And to investigate the immunomodulatory effects on subsets of CD4+, CD8+ and phenotype of CD4+ CD45RA+ and CD4+ CD45RO+ and the possible therapeutic mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The participant were 155 aged men among whom 94 cases were diagnosed as CCI and heart function of the rest 41 cases were normal. All patients underwent echocardiography examination and were collected peripheral blood before and after treatment. Serum N terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels were detected by heterogeneous immunoassay. Serum C reactive protein (CRP) were measured by immunoturbidimetry assay. T lymphocytes in peripheral blood were separated and determined distribution of CD4+, CD8+, CD4+ CD45RA+, CD4+ CD45RO+ using flow cytometry. Participants were divided into 3 groups: the CCI intervention group, who received regular therapy and thymopentin (20 mg intramuscular injection, once every other day for 3 month; n = 60) , the CCI control group, who received regular therapy (n = 54) and 41 healthy individual older than 57 years of age, who served as normal controls.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the control group, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and CD4+ CD45RO+ levels decreased, left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD), NT-proBNP, CRP, CD4+, CD4+ CD45RA+, CD4+/CD8+, CD4+ CD45RA+/CD4+ CD45RO+ levels were obviously higher in CCI group. Distribution of CD8+ was not significantly changed. The level of NT-proBNP, CRP, CD4+/CD8+, CD4+ CD45RA+/CD4+ CD45 RO+ was negatively correlated with LVEF. LVEF could be much improved via decreasing distribution of CD4+/CD8+, CD4+ CD45RA+/CD4+ CD45RO in CCI intervention group than in CCI control group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The changes of CD4+/CD8+ and CD4+ CD45RA+/CD4+ CD45RO+ suggest that CD4+ T lymphocyte subset and its phenotype play an important role in the process of CCI. The regulation of CD4+ T lymphocyte and its phenotype may be one of the strategy in the treatment of CCI.</p>

Establishment of human cardiac C protein induced experimental autoimmune myocarditis model in rat / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To construct the recombinant plasmid of human cardiac C protein (CCP) peptide with immunogenicity and to express, purification and renature fusion protein. The fusion protein was injected to Lewis rats to establish experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) model.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Total RNA was extracted from human heart and used as the template for reverse transcriptase-directed cDNA synthesis. The cDNA was then amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using oligonucleotide primers specific for CCP peptide with immunogenicity. Subsequently, the purified CCP peptide gene was cloned into PEASY-T1 vector and the ligated product was identified by PCR and DNA sequence analysis. Then the CCP target gene of positive clone was inserted into the pQE30, a prokaryotic expression vector, and the inserting plasmid was transformed into Escherichia coli. host M15. The positive clone extracted from the bacterium liquid was sieved by insertional inactivation sieve method and identified by PCR of bacterium liquid, CCP immunological peptide was purified and renatured in semipermeable membrane. EAM model in Lewis rats was induced by injection of mixture of 100 µg CCP fusion protein immunological peptide and 2.5 g/L completed Freund adjuvant from two double foot pad and subsequent abdominal injection of 0.5 µg pertussis toxin. Two, four, six, and eight weeks after immunization, hemodynamic evaluation was made and hearts underwent histological examination.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The DNA sequence analysis for cloning vector extraction revealed that the CCP target gene was cloned into pQE30 exactly. The DNA of 1000 bp length was obtained by PCR examination of bacterium liquid with transformation of express recombinants which were consistent with the expected size. Purified fusion protein in vertical slab gel electrophoresis showed 35 000 as expected. The recombinant CCP fusion protein existed in inclusion bodies of E. coli and amounted to 80% - 90% of the total protein. Hemodynamic and histological evaluations showed typical acute inflammatory responses at 2 weeks, subacute inflammatory and fibrosis changes at 4 weeks after injection, and signs of chronic dilated cardiomyopathy at 6 weeks post injection.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Combination of gene clone technique and histidine tag protein purification technique can be used to synthesize human cardiac C protein to induce EAM model in Lewis rat.</p>

Acceptability of vaginal microbicides among female sex workers in urban Beijing,China / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To explore the aaitudes and willingness towards vaginal microbicides use among female sex workers(FSWs)for HIV/AIDS and sexually transmitted infection(STI)prevention jn an urban district of Beiiing,China,as well as its related factors.Methods A cross-sectional study using convenience sampling Was conducted.A total of 54 FSWs were recruited from Shijingshan District in urban Beijing.Main outcome vailables were measured by microbicide acceptability score with questionnaire,including high-risk sexual behaviors,self-reported condom use,self-reported HIV/STI history and perception on the risk of HIV/STI.Results Mean score of microbicide acceptability in FSWs was 2.73(ranging 1 to 4).Acceptability score varied by the type of their sex panner(P=0.049),experience of HIV testing(P=0.037)and concems about contracting STI(P=0.042).Willingness to use and covert use of microbicides in FSWS varied significantly with their sex partners(P=0.001).Conclusion FSWs in Shijingshan district might have a positive response to vaginal microbicides use across all hypothetical characteristics in general.Further study iS needed for comprehensive understanding of contextual factors related to it.

Expression characteristics of nuclear factor kappa B in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression characteristics of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues and its correlation with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) and clinical pathological features.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty liver specimens from HCC patients were collected by self-control method. The localization and expression of NF-kappaB in HCC and their surrounding tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. And the levels of TNF alpha in these tissues were analyzed by ELISA.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expressed NF-kappaB was localized in nucleus and cytoplasm in HCC, whereas only in cytoplasm in the surrounding tissues. The expression level and density of NF-kappaB in HCC tissues were obviously higher than those in the surrounding tissues (P < 0.01), which was positively correlated with increased TNF alpha in HCC tissues (r = 0.964, P < 0.01). No positive correlation was found between NF-kappaB expression and histological differentiation grade, number of tumor, size of tumor, and HBsAg positive (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The expression and localization of NF-kappaB in HCC tissues are obviously different from those in the surrounding normal liver tissues, and the level of nucleoprotein NF-kappaB in HCC tissues is correlated with expressed TNF alpha, suggesting that TNF alpha can activate NF-kB, the activated NF-kB then translocates to the nucleus and plays important role in the carcinogenesis of HCC.</p>